An SSL Certificate Authority (CA) or Certificate Provider is a well known Organization, that has the power to certify a domain or website. Looking at the website SSL certificate, the end user can trust the website and thus have confidence to browse safely. While browsing websites, you must have noticed the small lock in browser, just at the left of the URL. Look at the figure below. The lock represents a trusted SSL communication with the website https://www.redhat.com. It ensures that the website, that the user is browsing is owned by Redhat.
Clicking on the lock reveals the certificate “Common Name” , which exactly matches the website domain name. Below that shows the the Certificate Authority, which issued this certificate. Look at this figure.
If the browser doesn’t show the lock, there is an issue either with the certificate or the domain. It is unsafe to browse such websites. Below is an example:
The CA/Browser forum has the right to authorize an Organization to act as a Certificate Authority. Such a designated organization can issue a Certificate to authorize a particular domain or website.
Below is the list of all pre-approved Certificate Authorities, which are trusted by all browsers.